Libya

Located in North Africa along the Mediterranean coast, Libya is dominated by the Sahara Desert, which spans over 90% of its landmass.

It was ruled by Colonel Muammar Gaddafi for 42 years until his regime was overthrown in a 2011 uprising, leaving a legacy of lingering political fragmentation.

One of Africa’s largest oil producers, it continues to navigate complex rivalries between competing governments and armed factions, with UN-led mediation pushing for unified elections. Its ancient ruins, including the Roman city of Leptis Magna, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, reflect a rich pre-colonial history alongside its modern resource wealth.